Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Covalent Bond, Escherichia Coli, Start Codon
10 May 2016
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14 - genes & gene expression, mitochodnrial genome. Overview: gene is usually de ned as a segment of dna encoding a protein or rna on a discrete region of a chromosome or the basic unit of biological information bad de nitions. Not basic unit could contain smaller units that make up a gene, such as an exon or nucleotides. Encoding a protein could encode other things, such as rrna. A protein subunit in the cytochromec oxidase, which operates in the etc & responsible for energy production in all euk. Cytochrome c oxidase is composed of: subunit i, subunit ii, heme a, heme a3, cu+ a center (binuclear copper center) Cox1 gene and cu+ b center: could be found in mitochondrial genomes of multiple species, human - mitochondrial genome (16. 6 kb, polyploid, circular & intact) coxi = intact & continuous (no introns) Ii) mushroom - mitochondrial genome (135 kb) coxi = intact & discontinuous (19 introns)
