Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Hox Gene, Homologous Chromosome, Francis Crawford Burkitt
15 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Mutations (snps) arise spontaneously and cannot be prevented (because it is due to the inherent instability in the chemistry of the dna bases). Stand slippage (shifting of the stand due to a loped pair) making the stand longer/shorter. Regions of repeated bases are prone to slippage. (even with a slip, the strands can still pair correctly with each other, making the mistake stable ) Mutations are not directed (they do not happen to fix a problem). Each base/region in the genome is not equally likely to undergo mutations. Ex. repeated regions are hotspots for slippage. Inherent of instability in some elements cause radiation. Ros looks for electrons and steals from from dna (break the backbones) Decay of radioactive iodine and cesium creates ionizing radiation . Iodine has a relatively short half-life (1wk); cesim relatively lone (30yrs). Iodine is concentrated in thyroid glands -> problemsome. Burkitt lymphoma; translocation deregulates a cancer gene :( Cell cycle regulation gene put under antibody gene.
