Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Gene Knockdown, Gene Knockout

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Transcriptome is a complete set of transcripts in a cell. It determines when and where genes are transcribed at the genome level. Some genes are transcribed in all cell types, others are transcribed only when needed. Transcriptomes can be analyzed using hybridization or sequence based approaches: basic mechanism of dna microarrays to determine relative gene expression. Hybridization-based approach uses dna microarrays called dna chips. They are mixed and added to the microarray (which contains single-stranded probes for every protein-coding gene in human genome). cdnas hybridize on the microarray wherever there is a complementary dna probe: role of proteomics. Proteomics is the study of proteome i. e. the complete set of proteins that can be expressed. Three major goals of proteomics: to determine structure and function of proteins: Clone the coding sequence into an expression vector (e. coli), transform the cloned gene into the host to express the protein, purify the protein.

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