Biology 3475A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Anosmia, Zygosity, Signalling Theory
6 Jan 2016
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Document Summary
Infected butterflies choose plant which reduces the chance of offspring being infected by using chemicals in the plant. Parasite load decreases with increasing levels of cardenolides. Depending on levels of symbiotic pathogens in the soil, the mycorrhizae change the chemical profile which can be sensed by butterflies. Interaction between mycorrhizae in soil, plant quality, levels of cardenolides which dictates where females will lay their eggs. Pyrrolizadine alkaloids found in plants to defend against predators are utilized by aphids for defence. At third trophic level, predator also developing to deal with aphid defences. Aphid concentrates what is present from the plant to utilise it - magnification. Raises wings to expose bright red hindwings when mammalian predator approaches. Can also kick and try to blind them with long leg spines. Produces froth ball, produced more by females than males as need to defend eggs. The volume decreases as more are produced thus they only produce them when absolutely necessary.
