Chemistry 2374A Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Ideal Gas, Ideal Gas Law, James Clerk Maxwell
25 Dec 2017
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Chapter 1. 4 (van der waals equation and gas-liquid transitions) Even neutral molecules attract each other in some extend, due to temporally/permanent dipole movements and london dispersion force. London dispersion force allow to turn gas into liquids, (sometimes) The potential is characterized as: short-range repulsion, no long-range effects. Scenario of lennard jones potential: both atoms are an infinite distance apart and are not interacting, the atoms are brought closer together with minimal energy input to a certain distance, (cid:498)r(cid:499). At these distances, the force of repulsion is greater than the force of attraction. Condensation (gas to liquid) will be favored at: large pressure (p, small mole per volume (vm, low temperature (t) Important point: condensation takes place in constant pressure (and we can do it at constant temperature) isotherm and isobaric. In the piston (containing water vapor and liquid water), there will always be a constant vapor pressure as the evaporation of water from liquid to gas state)
