Chemistry 1027A/B Lecture Notes - Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution, Benzyl Group, Benzene

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Aromatic compound: term used to classify benzene and its derivatives. Aryl group: group derived from an aromatic compound by the removal of an h. Ar : symbol used for an aryl group. Molecular formula of benzene is c6h6, molecule is highly unsaturated. Yet benzene does not show the chemical properties of alkenes. C skeleton of benzene forms a regular hexagon with c-c-c and h-c-c bonds angles of 120 : for this type of bonding, c uses sp2 hybrid orbitals, c-c bonds are neither single nor double bonds, but something intermediate. Resonance energy: difference in energy between a resonance hybrid and most stable of its hypothetical contributing structures. Although the resonance energy of benzene is less than the strength of a. C-c single bond, it is greater than the strength of h bonding in water and alcohols. Contain high degrees of unsaturation yet fail to undergo characteristic alkene addition and oxidation-reduction reactions.

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