Earth Sciences 1070A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Silicate Minerals, Endmember, Igneous Rock
6 Feb 2017
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Magma: molten silicate material from which igneous rocks form at very high temperatures. Generated when solid rock melt, which breaks down the minerals into its constituent elements. Rocks form when minerals crystallize from a magma as melt begins to cool. The chemistry of a magma and the initial temperature will dictate what minerals form and in what sequence of formation. Passing from the surface of earth to its interior, temperatures natural increase with depth. This gradient dictates that, on average, the temperature rises 30 degrees for every kilometer of depth. Magmas originate at depths where the temperatures are high enough to melt rock. This occurs in the mantle between 50-250km below earth"s surface, where temperatures are usually over 1000 degrees celsius. 3. 0. 1 the effects of temperature, pressure, volatiles and solids. They all affect the crystallization process of a magma melt. Since most substances are denser in their solid form than in a liquid state, an increase in.
