Economics 1021A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Normal Good, Utility, Demand Curve
ECON 1021A/B Full Course Notes
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QUESTION 1
Assume there are two basic goods produced in a nation, consumer goods and capital goods. The production possibilities graph for these two goods is bowed out from the origin. This reason for this shape of the graph is because of:
A. | the other-things-equal assumption. | |
B. | the law of increasing opportunity costs. | |
C. | diminishing marginal utility. | |
D. | present choices and future possibilities. |
1 points
QUESTION 2
From an economic perspective, when a student decides to attend another year of college, the student has concluded that the:
A. | marginal costs of attending college are reduced by the availability of grants and subsidies. | |
B. | marginal benefits of attending college have increased because the future is brighter. | |
C. | marginal benefits of attending college are greater than the marginal costs. | |
D. | marginal costs of attending college have decreased to make college affordable. |
1 points
QUESTION 3
A person observes that as consumer prices fall, economic growth increases. The person concludes that fall consumer prices leads to economic growth. This conclusion would be an example of:
A. | confusing correlation with causation. | |
B. | the fallacy of composition. | |
C. | trade-offs among economic goals. | |
D. | the other-things-equal assumption. |
1 points
QUESTION 4
The problem of unlimited wants and limited income is known as
A. | the scientific method. | |
B. | unequal wealth distribution. | |
C. | normative economics. | |
D. | the economizing problem. |
1 points
QUESTION 5
A point outside the production possibilities curve is:
A. | unattainable without economic growth. | |
B. | attainable and the economy is efficient. | |
C. | unattainable without inflation. | |
D. | attainable, but the economy is inefficient. |
1 points
QUESTION 6
Which one of the following would be an example of loaded terminology?
A. | market forces | |
B. | tentative hypothesis | |
C. | entrepreneurial functions | |
D. | creeping socialism |
1 points
QUESTION 7
Suppose there are two economies, Alpha and Beta, both of which have the same production possibilities curves. If Beta devotes more resources to produce investment goods than consumer goods as compared to Alpha, then in the future:
A. | Alpha will not be able to achieve full employment. | |
B. | Beta will not be able to achieve full employment. | |
C. | Alpha will experience greater economic growth than Beta. | |
D. | Beta will experience greater economic growth than Alpha. |
1 points
QUESTION 8
Macroeconomics, as opposed to microeconomics, is concerned with
A. | individual businesses. | |
B. | new computer technology. | |
C. | the stock market. | |
D. | the economy as a whole. |
1 points
QUESTION 9
Which one of the following is an example of a positive economic statement?
A. | The size of the Federal government should be reduced. | |
B. | Midwest states affected by drought should be given more federal disaster aid. | |
C. | Education and income are highly correlated. | |
D. | The minimum wage for workers should be raised to help low-income workers. |
1 points
QUESTION 10
Economics is primarily concerned with
A. | interactions between the government and market participants. | |
B. | how scarce resources are used. | |
C. | the production and distribution of capital goods. | |
D. | how income is divided among individuals. |
1 points
QUESTION 11
The production possibilities table below shows the hypothetical relationship between the production of guns (national defense) and butter (social goods) in an economy.
A B C D E
Guns 0 4 7 9 10
Butter 4 3 2 1 0
If the economy is producing at alternative C, what is the opportunity cost of producing another unit of butter?
A. | 3 units of guns. | |
B. | 1 units of guns. | |
C. | 2 units of guns. | |
D. | 4 units of guns. |
1 points
QUESTION 12
Assume that a consumer can buy only two goods X and Y, and has an income of $120. The price of X is $10 and the price of Y is $20. If the consumer spends all of her money on X and Y, which of the following would be a possible combination:
A. | 4X and 2Y | |
B. | 5X and 3Y | |
C. | 6X and 3Y | |
D. | 8X and 1Y |
1 points
QUESTION 13
In the production possibilities model of an economy, when there is full employment of resources
a nation will be operating at an interior point within its production possibilities curve. | ||
a nation will be operating on the production possibilities curve. | ||
the production possibilities curve will shift outward to the right. | ||
the production possibilies curve will shift inward to the left. |
1 points
QUESTION 14
In economics the concept that there is "no free lunch" means
A. | scarce resources were used to produce these "free" goods so there is an opportunity cost to producing them. | |
B. | consumers are irrational when they ask for a free lunch unless they can make the case that the free lunch benefits business. | |
C. | the marginal cost of the "lunch" is greater than the marginal benefit. | |
D. | businesses could not make a profit if they gave away free goods to consumers. |
1 points
QUESTION 15
Assume that a consumer can only purchase two goods with her income. A straight-line budget constraint indicates that the opportunity cost of obtaining an additional unit of one good is:
A. | negative. | |
B. | constant. | |
C. | increasing. | |
D. | decreasing. |
QUESTION 1
Assume there are two basic goods produced in a nation, consumer goods and capital goods. The production possibilities graph for these two goods is bowed out from the origin. This reason for this shape of the graph is because of:
A. | the other-things-equal assumption. | |
B. | the law of increasing opportunity costs. | |
C. | diminishing marginal utility. | |
D. | present choices and future possibilities. |
1 points
QUESTION 2
From an economic perspective, when a student decides to attend another year of college, the student has concluded that the:
A. | marginal costs of attending college are reduced by the availability of grants and subsidies. | |
B. | marginal benefits of attending college have increased because the future is brighter. | |
C. | marginal benefits of attending college are greater than the marginal costs. | |
D. | marginal costs of attending college have decreased to make college affordable. |
1 points
QUESTION 3
A person observes that as consumer prices fall, economic growth increases. The person concludes that fall consumer prices leads to economic growth. This conclusion would be an example of:
A. | confusing correlation with causation. | |
B. | the fallacy of composition. | |
C. | trade-offs among economic goals. | |
D. | the other-things-equal assumption. |
1 points
QUESTION 4
The problem of unlimited wants and limited income is known as
A. | the scientific method. | |
B. | unequal wealth distribution. | |
C. | normative economics. | |
D. | the economizing problem. |
1 points
QUESTION 5
A point outside the production possibilities curve is:
A. | unattainable without economic growth. | |
B. | attainable and the economy is efficient. | |
C. | unattainable without inflation. | |
D. | attainable, but the economy is inefficient. |
1 points
QUESTION 6
Which one of the following would be an example of loaded terminology?
A. | market forces | |
B. | tentative hypothesis | |
C. | entrepreneurial functions | |
D. | creeping socialism |
1 points
QUESTION 7
Suppose there are two economies, Alpha and Beta, both of which have the same production possibilities curves. If Beta devotes more resources to produce investment goods than consumer goods as compared to Alpha, then in the future:
A. | Alpha will not be able to achieve full employment. | |
B. | Beta will not be able to achieve full employment. | |
C. | Alpha will experience greater economic growth than Beta. | |
D. | Beta will experience greater economic growth than Alpha. |
1 points
QUESTION 8
Macroeconomics, as opposed to microeconomics, is concerned with
A. | individual businesses. | |
B. | new computer technology. | |
C. | the stock market. | |
D. | the economy as a whole. |
1 points
QUESTION 9
Which one of the following is an example of a positive economic statement?
A. | The size of the Federal government should be reduced. | |
B. | Midwest states affected by drought should be given more federal disaster aid. | |
C. | Education and income are highly correlated. | |
D. | The minimum wage for workers should be raised to help low-income workers. |
1 points
QUESTION 10
Economics is primarily concerned with
A. | interactions between the government and market participants. | |
B. | how scarce resources are used. | |
C. | the production and distribution of capital goods. | |
D. | how income is divided among individuals. |
1 points
QUESTION 11
The production possibilities table below shows the hypothetical relationship between the production of guns (national defense) and butter (social goods) in an economy.
A B C D E
Guns 0 4 7 9 10
Butter 4 3 2 1 0
If the economy is producing at alternative C, what is the opportunity cost of producing another unit of butter?
A. | 3 units of guns. | |
B. | 1 units of guns. | |
C. | 2 units of guns. | |
D. | 4 units of guns. |
1 points
QUESTION 12
Assume that a consumer can buy only two goods X and Y, and has an income of $120. The price of X is $10 and the price of Y is $20. If the consumer spends all of her money on X and Y, which of the following would be a possible combination:
A. | 4X and 2Y | |
B. | 5X and 3Y | |
C. | 6X and 3Y | |
D. | 8X and 1Y |
1 points
QUESTION 13
In the production possibilities model of an economy, when there is full employment of resources
a nation will be operating at an interior point within its production possibilities curve. | ||
a nation will be operating on the production possibilities curve. | ||
the production possibilities curve will shift outward to the right. | ||
the production possibilies curve will shift inward to the left. |
1 points
QUESTION 14
In economics the concept that there is "no free lunch" means
A. | scarce resources were used to produce these "free" goods so there is an opportunity cost to producing them. | |
B. | consumers are irrational when they ask for a free lunch unless they can make the case that the free lunch benefits business. | |
C. | the marginal cost of the "lunch" is greater than the marginal benefit. | |
D. | businesses could not make a profit if they gave away free goods to consumers. |
1 points
QUESTION 15
Assume that a consumer can only purchase two goods with her income. A straight-line budget constraint indicates that the opportunity cost of obtaining an additional unit of one good is:
A. | negative. | |
B. | constant. | |
C. | increasing. | |
D. | decreasing. |
Comment
Michael spends all of his income on coffee and donuts. A coffee costs $2.50 and a donut costs $2.00. At his current consumption level, the marginal utility for coffee is 30 utils, and the marginal utility for a donut is 60 utils. Which statement best describes what Michael needs to do to maximize his utility?
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Question 2
What is it called when the marginal utility derived from the last dollar spent on each good is the same across all goods and the last dollar spent uses all of the available budget for the purchase of those goods?
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Question 3 (1 point)
What does the economic theory of marginal utility infer?
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Question 4
Kate is addicted to chocolate and does not care how much it costs. In fact, she spends more than $20 a week on chocolate. What can be concluded about elasticity in her buying decisions?
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Question 5 (1 point)
Why does the demand for a good become relatively more elastic?
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Question 6 (1 point)
Assume the price of chicken per pound is $3.49 and that Americans purchase 10 million pounds per chicken every month. If the price of chicken increases to $5.49 per pound, identify what will occur to consumer surplus?
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Question 7 (1 point)
What is another name for the difference between the price that consumers are willing to pay for a good and a lower price that they may actually have to pay?
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Question 8
Adam, Brian, Robert, and Sam all want to attend a football game. The admission price is $48. Adam is willing to pay $59 for the ticket. Brian is willing to pay $39. Robert is willing to pay $45, and Sam is willing to pay $55. Based on this information, who will go to the game?
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Question 9 (1 point)
Lily is willing to pay $10 for one bracelet and $5 for a second. Patty is willing to pay $12 for one bracelet and $2 for a second. If the price is currently $8 per bracelet, identify what is the total consumer surplus after Lily and Patty make their purchases?
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Question 10 (1 point)
Manfred is willing to shovel one driveway for $25, a second for $30, and a third for $35. Assume that the market rate for shoveling driveways is $32. How many driveways will Manfred shovel, what will be his total revenue, and what will be his producer surplus?
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Question 11 (1 point)
What would the difference between the price that producers receive and the lower price at which they are willing to sell the good be called?
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Question 12 (1 point)
What will happen when there is an increase in the price of eBook downloads?
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Question 13 (1 point)
When is price elasticity of demand utilized to measure how an individual changes the quantity they demand?
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Question 14 (1 point)
Assume Mary consumes only tea and pastries. A cup of tea costs 5 euros and a pastry costs 8 euros. Her weekly income is 450 euros. Mary always drinks 2 cups of tea for every pastry she consumes. What is Maryâs optimal weekly consumption bundle?
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Question 15 (1 point)
When is producer surplus a positive value?
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