History 2403E Lecture Notes - Toleration

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What did the low countries (netherlands and belgium) look like on the eve of revolt. Traditionally they were part of the spanish hapsburg family. Amalgam of 17 provinces approximately 3 million people: densely populated area highly urbanized = political independence. Oligarchy (rule by few) - merchant families who govern the cities. The low countries were man-made territories taken back from the sea. They have a solid sense of solidarity the feel like they came together and built the netherlands. There is a high degree of religious toleration. The holy roman emperors had long allowed the low countries to govern themselves. Like the cortes in spain, parliament in englad, estates general in france. One important right of power the right to levy taxation. Decline in the power of spanish dominance. Represents the emergence of a republican alternative to monarchy. Results in new forms of economic endeavour they become good at making money. The dutch revolt begins in the late 1560s.

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