History 2606E Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Sasanian Empire, Abbasid Caliphate, Monophysitism
26 Oct 2016
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Building an empire and states 632-1258 10/5/2015 10:23:00 pm. Umayyad, 661-750, from damascus: the period of the third political unit, an islamic" empire ruled by the. The conditions in the middle east, 1 byzantium. The byzantine empire: greek, christians, and roman in administration. Religious movements in egypt and syria: monophysites (coptic and. Aramaic), population over burdened with taxes but egypt remains the bread basket of the empire. The persian empire of the sassanids: indo-european in language, semitic population and zoroastrian in religion, antagonism between the military and social classes. Tribal assembly not sufficient for exercising authority and could not nominate a successor. A strong minded core follower appoints abu bakr as a deputy, as khalifat rasul l-allah, a caliph. His new political institution with power of unification, new powers as head of a community, head of the religion, political and military leader. Ridda wars, known as the apostasy" wars, meaning termination of the political contract in the tribal tradition.
