Kinesiology 1088A/B Lecture Notes - Social Comparison Theory, Reward System, Contingency Management

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The direction (approach/avoid), and intensity (high/low) of one"s effort: direction of effort whether an individual seeks out, approaches or is attracted to certain situations. Intesity of effort how much effort an individual puts forth in a particular situation. Sometimes motivation is participant oriented (we motivate ourselves to do something) Sometimes it is situation oriented (motivated to do something based on the situation) Some motivational factors can be easily changed (goal setting, reinforcement, attribution, self-confidence) while others are more difficult to influence (presence of others, anxiety, focus of attention) Guidelines: both the situation and personal traits motivate participants. It"s important for a leader and the participant to understand what motivates an individual. Multiple motives (individuals are motivated by different things) Motives change over time: structure or change the environment to enhance motivation, critical role of the leader in influencing the motivation of the participants (coaching style, undesirable motives can be changed through behaviour modification techniques.

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