Medical Sciences 4930F/G Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Diabetic Nephropathy, Diabetic Neuropathy

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Medical science 4931g lecture 8 complications of diabetes: pathogenesis of diabetes, we have learned that diabetes can be classified as type 1 or type 2. Type 1 involves autoimmune destruction of patients" own islets and affects approximately 5% of people with diabetes. This is in contrast to type 2 diabetes, which is associated with obesity and insulin resistance and insulinopenia. Approximately 95% of people with diabetes will have type 2: the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes can occur from environmental insult, which triggers an autoimmune response in susceptible patients. Therefore, insulitis and loss of beta cells will occur. The result is severe because there is an absolute lack of insulin in these individuals. Both genes and the environment can play a role and there are several mechanisms that can result in beta cell destruction: the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is not as severe because it is a relative insulin deficiency.

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