Microbiology and Immunology 3300B Lecture : Immunology Notes
20 Feb 2012
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Document Summary
Transplant immunology has been brought about by a need for transplants for end-stage organ failure. Involves major histocompatibility complex, tolerance, demonstration of the potency of the immune system in the absence of regulation. In the absence of regulation of complement and the innate response, hyperacute rejection occurs. In the absence of negative selection, acute rejection occurs. Grafting: autograft self grafting (ex. skin graft, ok for immune system). Syngraft genetically identical (identical twins, graft will immunologically be ok). : 1905 first successful corneal transplant (immune system doesn t recognize a foreign cornea because it s not very vascularized). 1960s immunosuppressive drugs trialed, successful transplantation demonstrated (for 2-3 months). 1970s cyclosporine developed (allows allografts to occur). 1980s majority of transplants last greater than 5 years, and donors become limiting factor. Transplants are lasting longer, but not forever. It is antibody mediated, and antibodies initiate complement and fcrs (nk cells). The antibodies must be pre-existing (naturally occurring antibodies that are already present).
