Pathology 3500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Foreign Body, Irreversible Process, Embolization

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Lecture 16 - disturbances of blood flow and body fluids. Hyperemia and congestion: both indicate a local increased volume of blood in a particular tissue, two conditions. Redness or acute inflamation due to hyperemia (redness is one of the signs of inflammation - this is bc we have more oxygenated blood coming into this area: ex. Skeletal muscle during exercise - normal, physiological condition. Normal hemostasis: a consequence of tightly regulated processes that maintain blood in a fluid , clot free state in normal vessels, the pathologic form of hemostasis is thrombosis, blood --> fluid state depends on. Formation of mass/clotted blood in the heart or blood vessels. Causes of thromobosis: vessel wall damage/endothelial injury (increase in permeabilty, trauma. Lack of activity- prolonged bed rest (blood clots formed: decreased cardiac output (congestive heart failure - abnormal amount of blood going in and out of heart) Increased blood viscosity (dehydrated) - less water in body: change in blood composition.

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