Pathology 4400A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Myoglobin, Dysplasia, Genistein
8 Feb 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
What is environment: diet, daily habits, medical care/iatrogenic, direct environmental insults. ** social determinants of health not taught: reason for longer lifespan: Air pollutants (co, so2, n2, smoke, o3, particulates, asbestos, etc: considerable amount results in disease. Others (env. estrogens, alcohols, drugs of abuse, overdose of drugs, hcho, chemical warfare, etc. : environment estrogen not toxic but responsible for causing endocrine problems. 1st determine what end point to be used. Then, determine the concentration or dose that results in 50% of the measured effect: Exposure doesn"t always lead to uptake bc our body have complex defense mechanisms against chemicals: uptake: Dermal contact (hair follicles, sweat glands, open wounds) Ingestion (contaminated foods and beverages, sprayed pesticides: metabolism: Conjugation by nats, gsts, udpg-transferases, epoxide hydrolases, methyl transferases: most of these enzymes are polymorphic, excretion: ** know some examples: disruption of cellular structure. I. e. damage by no2 and h2so4 or peroxidation of pufa in the lipid bi-layer by o3 (ozone)
