Pathology 4400A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Linear Energy Transfer, Voxel, Electronvolt
8 Feb 2018
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Biological effects of environmental exposure to ionizing radiation. Latency: ~20 yrs before onset & ~30 yrs for solid tumours. I. e. travelling to mars takes a long time so high + prolonged ionizing radiation exposure = high chance for cancer. Medical imaging of radionuclides: radionuclides are tagged onto biologically relevant molecules (such as sugar), then injected into the body, their distribution can be measured using medical imaging equipment. Particle radiation: we are constantly bombarded by ionizing radiation. Positron-decay: get energetic protons and produce radioactive c: stable boron with 1 less proton. Decay: k instead of c: not enough protons for stability, decays to stable ca (incorporated in our body all the time, high energy gamma rays given off, alpha particles helium. Uranium 238: -particles and thorium: -particle is heavier (8x) than electron with 2 neutrons & 2 protons, 4. 5 billion half-life (similar to earth) so very stable.
