Philosophy 1020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Fallibilism, False Dilemma, Intelligent Design
13 Oct 2018
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Reformulating arguments: three general principles of rational thinking, 1. Adopt those beliefs that best fit the evidence available to you: 2. Seek out new evidence from reliable sources: 3. Evaluating arguments: what features do good arguments have, validity. In a deductive valid argument, the conclusion must be true if the premises are true: p1. If there is an infinite number of numbers, then there us no largest number: p2. There is an infinite number of numbers: c. there is no largest number. In a statistically valid argument, the conclusion is probable if the premises are true: p1. Light that"s e(cid:373)itted f(cid:396)o(cid:373) a receding source is red shifted (doppler effect: p2. The light emitted from distant galaxies is red shifted: c. distant galaxies are receding away from earth, good arguments must be sound, a sound argument is both valid and has true premises. Its not enough that the premises are true; they must also be justified, or justifiable: p1.
