Physiology 3140A Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Ku70, Bard1, Ercc1
28 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Can lead to genomic instability, apoptosis or senescence. Genomic instability can predispose individuals to cancer, neurological disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Genomic instability occurring in cell = global phenomenon on the way the genes are expressed = initiating factors in cancer. Dna repair is mobilized in particular parts of the genome for efficiency: normal transcription, proliferation, etc. Transcription: proteins bind dna open, unwind = small nucleotide breaks. Suggested that up to one million dna lesions occur every day. Great majority are fixed: environmental agents. Adducts: where adjacent base pairs interact as opposed to opposing base pairs. Dna damage poses unique problem to the cell that must be fixed: must identify it and fix it. Not in all cases (but in most) Break phosphate backbone to have a cleaner area to repair: repair the sequence (restore it) In many cases, do not restore it perfectly: ligate the backbone of dna (or else it can be another site for dna damage to occur)
