Psychology 2035A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Reference Group, Social Comparison Theory
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Negative selves may negative and represent why you fear your might become: cite two types of self-discrepancies, and describe their effects and ways to cope with them. An actual self (qualities people think they actually possess) An ideal self (qualities people would like to have) An ought self (qualities people think they should possess) Self-discrepancies mismatches between the actual, ideal, and/or ought selves. These can cause various effects: when the actual self falls short of the ideal self, dejected-related emotions (sad, disappointed). As actual/ideal discrepancies outnumber congruence, sadness increase: when the actual self falls short of the ought self, agitation-related emotions (irritable, anxiety). People cope with self-discrepancies by: changing their behavior to bring it more in line with the ideal, or ought selves. Bring ideal self closer with actual abilities: blunting self-awareness by avoiding situations that increase self- awareness, or by using alcohol. 3. discuss important experiences and factors that help form the self-concept: own observations.