Psychology 2040A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Phonological Development, Fast Mapping, Language Development
15 Apr 2020
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Document Summary
Fast mapping: children can connect a new word with an underlying concept after only a brief encounter: vocabulary explosion: Early language environment is important: quality of adult-child interactions is the single most important influence on a child"s language development. Low ses children have less verbal stimulation, smaller vocabularies, limited book reading. State words: attributes of objects, possession, function, location: 40,000 words, 20 words a day, reading is the largest source of new words, derive the complex structures of complex words (happiness, decision, adolescence: figurative language (proverbs, sarcasm, metaphors) Strategies for word learning: mutual exclusivity bias: the assumption that words refer to entirely separate (non-overlapping) categories. Shape bias: previous learning of nouns based on shape heightens attention to the shape properties of additional objects. Grammatical language development: telegraphic speech: 2 word utterances focused on high content words and omit smaller, less important ones. Complex grammatical forms: negatives, nonexistance (no cookie, rejection (no bath, denial (not my, questions, yes/no, wh- questions.
