Psychology 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Long-Term Memory, Information Processing, Chromosome
13 May 2018
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Memory
Information processing
• process of acquiring information and getting it out again
• process of acquisition = encoding
• getting info into memory, form a memory trace and retain it
• retrieval = decoding
• getting information out of memory
• when you do get information out you do so in two ways
• recall
• spontaneously generate information
• recognition
• identify information
• Recognition is easier because you just have to look at something and wonder
if it is old or new
• 3 stage model
• information is visual or auditory
• it then is filtered into sensory register (1st processing part of memory)
• once there it is moved to short term memory (2nd processing part of memory )
• to keep it in short term memory you ahem to rehears it
• if you want to keep memory for a long period of time you move it to long term
memory (3rd processing part of memory )
Stages of information processing
• sensory register
• information held for a fraction of a second
• trace fades quickly
• information in visual sensory register it is referred to as an icon
• information in auditory sensory register it is referred to as an echo
• other registers are very poor
• short term memory
• working memory
• material held by rehearsal
• no rehearsal then the information is lost or forgotten
• it has a limited capacity
• chunking helps
• organizing material in chunks
• forgetting can be a decay
• fades away over time
• or forgetting can be an interference
• as new material comes in it pushes old material out for the way
• acoustic coding
• information is coded by sound
• long term memory
• hard storage
• unlimited capacity
• semantic coding
• coded by meaning
• how to get info from STM to LTM ?
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