Rehabilitation Sciences 3060A/B Lecture Notes - Osmosis, Malabsorption, Oxygen Toxicity

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If going into surgery and getting general anesthetic, these are the normal risks. Known adverse effects of anaesthesia: pneumonia, respiratory failure (usually defined as the need for mechanical ventilatory support), bronchospasm, atelectasis, hypoxaemia, exacerbation (or flare-ups) of underlying chronic lung disease. Top right: hyper-reactivity causing bronchospasm restricting ventilation (i. e. asthma); low v/q in asthma, no pathology in alveoli bronchospasm restricts ventilation. Bottom left: mucus plug could block ventilation, (i. e. chronic bronchitis); Shunt (very low) v/q in chronic bronchitis, mucus plug could block ventilation. Bottom right: (instead of impaired or blocked ventilation ) alveolar destruction, removed capillary bed; damage on blood side (i. e. emphysema); high v/q if you take away the alveolar wall, you take away the capillary bed on the other side. Right side: patients with primarily chronic bronchitis. Y-axis: degree of bronchial inflammation or alveolar destruction. Average patient with copd is sitting in middle of 2 curves of more/less bronchial inflammation (chronic bronchitis) and alveoli destruction (emphysema)

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