Rehabilitation Sciences 3060A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Pressure Ulcer, Ischium, Warning Sign
1 Jun 2016
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1995 thrown from his horse: landed head first, fractured c1 and, severely damaged spinal cord at c2 level, c2 tetraplegic complete or incomplete? vertebrae. Primary muscles of respiration: **diaphragm phrenic nerve (c3 c5) Accessory muscles: **sternocleidomastoid (accessory nerve, **trapezii (accessory nerve) C1 c5: spinal root accessory n. **cr two accessory muscles w/ (partial) helped him to bring in air + swallow it down: scaleni (c3-8, pectoralis minor (c6 c8, serratus anterior (c5 c7) Progressive loss of respiratory function w/ higher neurological level (diagram) Higher the break worse one breathes. Neurolevels : c3, c7, t11, handout henry t4. Neurological level + (forced) expiratory ability: t7 v. c8 v. c4 (diagram) Partial (<50%: diaphragm (100%, can breath pretty much normally. C8 : diaphragm (100%, most of accessory muscles, no ext. Respiratory fatigue need to be intubated. No ability to blow out air (expiratory) C4 : diaphragm (~50%, most of inspiration muscles lost.
