Sociology 2234E Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Symbolic Interactionism, Noxious Stimulus, Behaviorism
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Published on 27 Jan 2013
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Lecture 4
- 6 questions as an orienting logic – template
- psychoanalytic – thing inside – emotions and drives you don’t understand - attempts to unlock
‘the hidden you’
Theory 2: Behaviourism
- 3 underlying assumptions:
- assumes the principle of behaviourism makes an assumption about a methodological
principle doesn’t care about interior – BEHAVIOUR ONLY
1. assumes reasonable to restrict study of humans to the study of their behaviour –
anything observable
2. assumes hedonism – does things in order to get pleasure – doesn’t tell you what the
objects are – you avoid noxious stimuli (things that are painful) – pleasurable
teaches us, enable us to learn, pain = extinguish/do not engage
3. associationism – biogenetic makeup – humans have brain capacity to associate
things that are approximate to one another
- these assumptions explain why we do what we do
- looks to objects to explain what we do
- if behaviourist wants to know why, he must consider 2 things:
o knowledge of relevant objects
o understand nature of contact with them reinforcement schedule
- how relationship to objects reinforces what we do
- Source of data
o observable behaviour
o knowledge of relevant reinforcement schedule
reinforce can lose value if constantly given
o an object per say does not constitute reinforcement
o the ability to reinforce/influence behaviour – the stimulus makes it positive or negative
- Motivation
o stems from drives or inner needs states
drive deprivation/satiation
- Conscious
o doesn’t take too seriously
o some will admit something is going on in the mind and some will admit we are aware of
it
o interiorized prior learned stimulus and responses
o no importance to it
- Unconscious
o ignores it
o constitutes things that influence you behaviour without you knowing
o unknown reinforcement schedules