Sociology 2256A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Constitution Act, 1867, Kingston Penitentiary, Walnut Street Prison
9 Feb 2017
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Chapter 1- adult corrections within a canadian context. Crime is defined as an act or omission violating criminal law and subject to a legal response sanctioned by the state. Criminal law is the formal means by which society attempts to protect the public/define guidelines for public order and stability. Imposing sanctions (fine, probation) provides 4 rationales to protect society deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation and retribution: when these rationales are applied to convicted offenders they are referred to as corrections- probation, conditional release, jail, fines. Proscribed behaviors behaviors/acts that are seen as unacceptable and in conflict with defined concepts of social harmony and social order shared by all societies. Historically, the focus of corrections was penology and the primary mode of righting wrongs. We have evolved from self help justice and blood feuds to the state taking responsibility for administering punishment. Prisons were introduced to simply serve as remand/detention centres until an appropriate punishment is delivered.
