Theory 2240E 09/23/2013
No notes to take today Theory 2240E 09/23/2013
Retype notes off of paper ones Theory 2240E 09/23/2013
September 23, 2013
Subject Librarian: Susan Evans
Things that would be great to have monopolies on:
tobacco
sugar
salt
chocolate
tea
alcohol
slaves
East India Company (1640)
became extremely powerful in 1760
owned all of India and took benefit from everything that came out of India.
England still has control over the world through finances.
This is the theory that states that an oligarchy controls the world.
Very small group of people who control a country/ group of people although they are not exactly elected by
set country to have power. Theory 2240E 09/23/2013
Marx
Class Struggle:
Capitalists vs. The Workers
There is a contradiction betw’n the two classes.
Marx believed that the workers would eventually take over the world; capitalism would turn into
communism.
Use Value/ Exchange Value
A commodity has both used value and exchange value
*Commodity: something that is bought and sold
Use Value: you should be able to use it and it does the job that it is designed to do
Exchange Value:
There is one commodity that is the most valuable which is labor/workers. Since workers have the ability to
make more value than what you have to pay for them. He believes that their use value is greater than their
exchange value. *Workers make surplus value.
Capitalism is based on exploitation, because the workers produce more for the capitalists than the
capitalists produce for them.
The surplus value is then used to fund development. Theory 2240E 09/23/2013
September 30, 2013
Oligarchy: a very small group of people control society. These people are self selected and usually put off
a facade that there are parliaments etc.
Aristocrats ruled Europe’s oligarchy
Monarchy is another type of oligarchy however, the monarchs decisions are control by the oligarchy (Lord,
Nobels, Queen’s, King’s etc)
Family Compact: a term that used to be used to describe Canada’s ruling system; said that Canada used
to be run by a small group of families aka an oligarchy.
Ascription: a characteristic in which you were born with.
Monarchy’s come with achievements and ascription; classical oligarchy’s don’t want the people to succeed,
they don’t want them to get power.
There is no real belief in improvement or progress; it is run on deference and fear
Apocalypse Book
Rational Ecology vs Irrational Ecology: some parts of the argument make sense where as others do not. Theory 2240E 09/23/2013
October 7, 2013
Land of Promise 3 American Republics
George Washington put Alexander Hamilton planned the US economy and the beginning of the industrial
enterprise. He died in 1804, killed in a dual with Aaron Burr.
Making the US an industrial republic, founded on economic growth, attempt to unite the country by finding
jobs for everyone, communication by use of canals; waterways were the key ways to unite the country.
Water, steam and electricity were the main technological inventions.
The first American republic was founded on water. Water was the fastest way to travel and connect the
entire country. Mobility was essential and made possible by the canals. Booming industry in the American
revolution was waterpowered mills.
Steam engine was invented around 1780, but didn’t come into effect until 182030. It was at that point
where factories changed from water power to steam power. Which was the beginning of the railways. (1840)
Electricity came into play around 1880. 3 American Republic was called the “New Deal” (1945) which
was founded on encouraging unions (made possible by law), development of electricity, industrialization of
workers (the more they work the more they make, the more they make the more they’ll spend, the more
they spend the more the country makes), social security (idea that the state has the responsibility to make
sure that you don’t fall into poverty eg. pension etc)
Eisenhower installed the idea of highways into the US. This caused a huge transformation because it
linked rural and urban areas. Delivery was made extremely efficient as well as transport.
Electricity has enhanced the making of cars. Computers have enhanced the making of cars as well
(navigation, emission info, mechanical aspects etc)
Fusion: reduces the amount of nuclear waste.
Von in German means noble (aristocrat)
Parson Malthus (1840): wrote a book that argued that it was very dangerous to increase the population of
the earth.
Idea of limits to growth
Reducing the population
Prevent the earth from being overpopulated
We shouldn’t help the poor so they could die and limit the population
The population of the earth will always be increasing by geometric index (2,4,8,16 etc) meaning that the
population grows faster than the economies ability to feed people. If we don’t slow down the population we
will ruin our environment, wreck society, and run out of resources.
Max Weber
German sociologist in the 1920s Theory 2240E 09/23/2013
Most important of all sociologists
Admired moreso in the states than anywhere else
Theories on charisma, leadership, categories of class/status/power, protestant ethic/spirit of capitalism
and bureaucracy.
Sees Marx as important but didn’t really give a shit.
09/23/2013 Theory 2240E
09/23/2013
October 28, 2013
Test: Essay question (12 pages), Short answer, MC’s.
Max Weber
Karl Marx
Durkheim
Apocalypse (only 12 questions on climate change)
Land of Promise (not on exam)
Sun YatSen (not on exam)
Weber’s Theory of Charisma
Charismatic leadership is a type of leadership
Traditional Leaderships such as : patriarchal, monarchy, leadership based on family background or noble
blood.
Rational Legal Leadership: the president, Queen Elizabeth is more of a mix of both traditional and rational.
Charismatic Leader: when you become a leader due to victory in a historic event. You don’t come into a
structure, you are appointed due to your personality, achievements etc. Eg. Christ is the “ideal type” of a
charismatic leader. A person who came to lead solely based on character traits and historic achievements.
It is based on the worship and or respect that people have for a certain person. Eg. Martin Luther King,
Spartacus, Gandhi,
Rationalization of Charisma: creating a leadership that will last longer than the leaders lifetime. 09/23/2013
Midterm Review
Test:
Three Parts:
MCQ’s: 1520 questions approx.
Short Answer: 5 questions
Essay Question
* All weighted equally
3 Theorists on the Exam:
Weber (18641920): 1) theory of bureaucracy (hierarchy (rule driven), everything in writing, everyone in a
bureaucracy in replaceable, they are goal directed, every job is defined [job description]), theory of
charisma, class, status and power, (3 types of leadership: charismatic, traditional, patriarchal) Weber was
creating an ideal type (everything that is required for a bureaucracy yet some don’t have it), 3) Rational
Legal: basically becomes a bureaucracy
Marx: communism: no more class conflict, everyone is equal. There are several contradictions in this
theory based on his life style; he married a very wealthy woman,
Durkheim: religion is the idea of a charged object (all religion is based on a form of elements aka
Elementary forms of Religion), basic forms of religion are based on charged objects known as totems (eg
bear tribe, eagle tribe or any other sacred animal) religion started out as a group belief in an object Eg. now
the totemic belief in Christianity is the cross. He is sometimes known as a symbolic interactionalist. Eg.
Porsche video suggests that today there are totems that are not religious that affect how we act, live etc.
(Magnus Walker, the urban outlaw in the Porsche video)
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