AR201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hieros Gamos, Epithet, Eileithyia

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Elder olympian, daughter of the titans kronos and rhea. Since she is main wife of zeus, she ranks the highest among olympian goddesses. Goddess of marriage, weddings, wives and childbirth and thus of women"s sexuality and fertility, as well as marital fidelity. Name is feminine form of "hero" or "a girl of marriageable age" or a "cow" May have been a mother earth goddess who oversaw fertility of crops and cattle. Attributes are symbols of sovereignty: sceptre and crown- peacock her special bird. Sanctuary of hera, samos worshipped as a goddess of fertility. Later greeks believed it was founded by jason and argonauts tho 1st temple. Pomegranates- symbol of fertility, were offered to her. May have been worshipped as a tree goddess. Ritual there called the tonaia (binding): statue washed/purified in sea then bound to a willow tree ( a symbol of chastity) and offered barley cakes. Ritual suggests hera"s connection to fertility cycle of death and rebirth of plants.

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