BI111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Photosynthetic Reaction Centre, Ethanol Fermentation, Centromere
Biology Final Exam Review
1. In Lab, one uses a special balloon that is permeable to water but not sucrose to make an artificial
cell. The balloon is filled with a solution 20% sucrose and is immersed in a beaker containing a
solution of 40% sucrose. Which will occur? → water will leave the balloon
2. Which proves that a substance enters a cell by active rather than passive transport → the
breakdown of ATP is needed for the transport to occur and the substance is moved across the cell
membrane by a carrier protein
3. A drug is tested and found to create holes in mitochondrial membranes. Harmful to human cells
because it will directly inhibit → Krebs cycle and chemiosmosis
4. During chemiosmosis → ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a protein port provided
by ATP synthase
5. In eukaryotes, which acts as the reaction center molecule→ chlorophyll a
6. Yeast can produce ATP by either fermentation or chemiosmosis; thus they are → Facultative
anaerobes
7. Which is true about redox reactions in photosynthesis and cellular respiration→ in
photosynthesis, CO2 is reduced to form sugar; in respiration, sugar is oxidized to form CO2
8. Which occurs during mitotic anaphase → daughter chromosomes begin to move toward opposite
poles of the cell, sister chromatids separate and the centromeres of each chromosome divide
9. Initial accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere was the result of photosynthesis from an
organism most like modern → cyanobacteria
10. In a biological membrane, the phospholipids are arranged with the fatty acid chains facing the
anterior of the membrane. As a result, the interior of the membrane is →Hydrophobic
11. How do competitive and noncompetitive enzymes inhibitors differ → competitive inhibitors bind
to the active site, whereas noncompetitive inhibitors bind to allosteric (other) site
12. Water is a by- product of aerobic respiration. The water is produced as a result of → the reduction
of o2 at the end of the electron transport chain
13. If one were able to stop the process of aerobic cellular respiration after competitive resporation
after completion of electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis, one would find the PH of a
mitochondrion to be at its lowest→ intermembane space
14. Accessory pigments within a photosystem→ allow plants to harvest energy from a wider range of
the visible spectrum
15. Cyclins bind to activate ____ which ____ other proteins involved in cell cycle→ cyclin- dependent
kinases, phosphorylate
16. A prokaryotic that can make its own food is called → chemoautotroph
17. Photorespiration is→ incorporation of O2 instead of CO2 by rubisco, yielding a two carbon
compound that is broken down to CO2 and H2O
18. Lowest to highest energy-→ visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
19. Blue and red light are absorbed by chlorophyll, blue light excites electrons to the second energy
state and the red excites electrons in the first energy state. Which is true→ Blue light has a shorter
wavelength and thus can excite electrons a longer distance
20. Jetlag is common to travellers can be explained by→ Circadian rhythms
21. Plant different from animal cell? → Contains a cell wall and has central vacuole taking up most of
the internal space
22. Cytokinesis in animal cells proceeds by→ Furrowing
23. If a cell was secreting many proteins from the cell, what could be said about this cell? → It has an
extensive rough ER
24. What theory explains why chloroplasts and mitochondrial resemble prokaryotes→ endosymbiotic
theory
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Document Summary
Biology final exam review: in lab, one uses a special balloon that is permeable to water but not sucrose to make an (cid:498)artificial cell(cid:499). The balloon is filled with a solution 20% sucrose and is immersed in a beaker containing a: which proves that a substance enters a cell by active rather than passive transport the solution of 40% sucrose. Nonkinetochore microtubules extend between spindle poles without connecting to chromosomes. They possess delocalized electrons that absorb light energy and move to an excited state. Daily response to sunlight: true: an example would be when a sunflower turns itself towards the light before the sun rises. It is set by an internal clock: which is not a component of cell theory cells contain genetic material, true: new cells arise from preexisting cells. The cell is the smallest unit of life. Every time energy is transferred/transformed, some in unavailable to do work.
