BI111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Microtubule, Membrane Potential, Malic Acid

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10 Mar 2016
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Transpiraion: evaporaion of water out of plants, greater than water used in growth and metabolism. Cohesion- tension mechanism of water transport: evaporaion for mesophyll walls, replacement by cohesion (h-bonded) water in xylem, tension, negaive pressure gradient, adhesion of water to xylem walls adds to tension. Tallest trees (>110m) near physical limit of cohesion. Root pressure: posiive pressure in roots that forces xylem sap upward, occurs in high humidity or low light, moves water up short distances. Gutaion: when root pressure strong enough to force water out of the leaf openings, water is pushed up and out of veins. Apoplasic pathways: water does not cross cell membrane, difuses through nonliving regions including cell walls and air spaces. Symplasic pathway: water crosses membrane, oten uses plasmodesmata, difuses through cytoplasm. Transmembrane pathway: water crosses plasma membrane and perhaps tonoplasts. Casparian strip: in root endodermis forces apoplasic water to symplast. Blue light simulates the guard cells to pump out h: 2.

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