BI226 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3, Formylation, Cell Surface Receptor
Document Summary
Pairing of complementary bases is the key to the transfer of information from dna to rna and from rna to protein. Polarities of dna, rna, and polypeptides help guide the mechanisms of gene expression. Gene expression requires input of energy and participation of specific proteins and macromolecular assemblies. Mutations that change genetic information or obstruct the flow of its expression can have dramatic effects on phenotype. Requires the input of energy, if we change genetic info through mutation it obstructs flow. Gene expression: the flow of genetic information from dna via rna to protein. Rna polymerase transcribes dna to produce an rna transcript. Ribosomes translate the mrna sequence to synthesize a polypeptide. Triplet codons of nucleotides represent individual represent individual amino acids. How does dna with 4 different nucleotides subunits encode 20 different amino acids: 1 nucleotide per amino acid is not enough information, 2 nucleotide code= 42=16, 3 nucleotide code=43=64. Experiments demonstrated that: 3 nucleotides=codon=1 amino acid.