BI236 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Lactase, Hemoglobin, Copolymer
Document Summary
Error in shape, they become elongated and flat. Decreased oxygen transport, can clot in blood vessels. Comes about due to an error in haemoglobin tetramer, heteropolymer (two alpha and beta chains). Comes about due to a single amino acid change. Gets situated outside of protein making it reacting to water but it doesn"t want to. Therefore, these valine residues interact with each other causing the molecules of haemoglobin to come together to form strands. These sit in the cytoplasm and push out the sides of the cell, which gives the sickle shape. Symptom = increase of mucous in lungs. Single amino acid change in the ctfr protein. Due to a single mutation in a codon. This phenylalanine mutation alters the sequence, which alters the function. Function = moves chloride ions inside to outside of cell. When protein is mutated, we lose this movement.
