BI346 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Dna Replication, Hydrophile, Cell Nucleus

57 views6 pages

ultramarinedinosaur805

5 Jul 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Cells have specific requirements: establish and maintain a barrier (membrane, store and utilize genomic information (transcription and translation, replicate and pass information generationally, source of energy (various starting materials at the ends) Which four basic types of macromolecules do cells use to accomplish these tasks: nucleic acids, carbohydrates (sugars, proteins (amino acids, lipids. All living things have these 4 things, the luca must have had all four of these because all living things have these. Because of differences, compare the hydrophilic and hydrophobic of the molecules. Carbohydrates are both (amalose = linear and gygcogein =branched (stores more carbs in a smaller space) Energergy yeling marcormolecules (lipids, carbos, proteins) are metabolized: store and utlize genomnic information (transcription and trsnaltion, replication and pass information generationally. Stores information in a stable, heritable form consists of: guanosine( g, cytosine (c), adenosine (a) Dna is so stable because of the base pairing, and the hydrogen bonds. They are less likely to hydrolyzed compared to rna.

Related Questions

Question 1

The presence of which of the following is a distinguishablecharacteristic between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

a. Translation using ribosomes

b. the ability to metabolize simple sugars

c. The ability to replicate a DNA genome

d. internal membranes making separate compartments for differentfunctions

Question 2

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding phosphategroups

a. phosphate groups are added to proteins found only on theoutside of cells or inside membrane-bound organelles

b. phosphate groups can be added to the amino acids tyrosine,serine, and threonine to control functions of proteins

c. phosphate groups are hydrophilic

d. phosphate groups can be found in some types of proteins,nucleic acids and lipids

Question 3

The Endosymbiont Theory is supported by which of thefollowing?

a. Endosymbiosis occurs naturally in modern times

b. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular genomes seperatefrom the nuclear genomes

c. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have other biochemicalcharacteristics more similar to prokaryotes than eukaryotes

d. all of the above

limehyena595

Unit 2 Organic Chemistry

Organic compounds vs. Inorganic compounds

What makes a compound organic? Inorganic?

Functional groups (phosphate groups, amino groups, carboxyl groups)

Know the structure of each of these groups, and which organic compounds they are found in. You can draw them for your own use.

Hydrolysis

What is it? What is it used for?

Dehydration synthesis

What is it? What is it used for?

Carbohydrates (Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and examples)

Know the process of joining two monosaccharides together to create a disaccharide.

Be able to give examples of several monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Monosaccharide examples (3)	Disaccharide examples (2)	Complex carbohydrates (3)

Lipids (Saturated vs. Unsaturated; Phospholipids, Steroids)

Define a saturated fatty acid.

Define an unsaturated fatty acid. Draw if it helps.

What process is used to put the fatty acid chain on a glycerol molecule?

Hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic

Define hydrophilic.

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?

Define hydrophobic.

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?

Proteins, types and functions

What is a protein composed of, and what does it do?

Amino acids

Name the three parts of the amino acid that come off the common Carbon.

Identify each of the three parts. (Amino Acid ID game)

Peptide Bonds

How are they formed?

What two parts of each amino acid do they join together?

Enzymes - define.

Levels of Protein structure

Complete the chart below.

Protein structure level	definition
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quarternary

Protein Denaturation

What is it and how does it happen?

Define what a Solute is.

Define what a solvent is

Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, ATP)

Nucleotide

Name its three parts and be able to identify each of them on a diagram. (Nucleotide ID game)

What are the two possible sugars used in a nucleotide?

Complete the Table below.

	DNA	RNA	ATP
What sugar does it have?
What nitrogen bases does it have?
Provide the pairings of the nitrogen bases of each nucleic acid			N/A
What is its structure?