BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Archaea, Vacuole, Nuclear Membrane
Document Summary
Cells have size limitations due to amount of waste they produce. Prokaryotic: lack nucleus, make up 2 forms of life: bacteria and archaea. pro = before; evolutionarily earlier form of life. eu = true; karyon = nucleus: plants, animals, fungi, algae, protozoa. Important: fluorescent microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy. All life falls under one of the three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. Basic, shared features b/w prokaryotes and eukaryotes: plasma membrane, cytoplasm: Eukaryotes --> dna enclosed in nucleus; many paired, linear chromosomes. Prokaryotes --> dna not enclosed in nucleus; there"s usually single, circular chromosomes: basic cellular processes (i. e. etc, transcription, and translation) Eukaryotes --> etc occurs in the mitochondrion. Prokaryotes--> etc occurs in the plasma membrane. Pili is found in prokaryotes: used as a locomotive appendage (pili adhere to something and pull the cell forward); also used for dna transfer during conjugation. Cilia is found in eukaryotes: used as a locomotive appendage; sometimes used for sensory organelles.
