ES295 Lecture : Module 3_Textbook Notes.docx
Document Summary
Activities that directly cause negative impacts (3 categories = building, generation of wastes, and tourist activities. Impact of building and generation of wastes: removal of vegetation, site leveling, and water flow disruption. Even observation can have negative consequences for the target species. Animals" heart rates increase when humans approach them as well as reduced feeding time, and time wasted standing watching the humans instead of foraging and relaxing. Proactive adaptation can also occur (i. e. female grizzly bears learned to remain near ecotourists in order to discourage the approach of adult male bears who harass the females and their cubs. Distance between ecotourists and target wildlife is the main factor influencing stress (increased proximity = increased stress response) Problem is that satisfaction of ecotourists increases as access to wildlife increases. Many other factors to consider for any given ecotourist-wildlife encounter: tourist activity 2: hiking and diving. Hiking cause erosion, soil compaction, and vegetation damage.
