PO218 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Interval Ratio, Univariate
Document Summary
Statistics: mathematical tools used to organize, summarize and manipulate data. Data: scores on variables or the info that is expressed as numbers (quantitative) Variables: traits which you can change thee value from. Descriptive: used to describe characters of a population or sample size. Inferential: generalized from sample to population from which sample was drawn. Generalize, or infer from a sample to a population. Population includes all cases in which the research is interested. Samples include carefully and randomly chosen subsets of the population. Ex: the liberal party will receive about 39% of the votes. Nominal, ordinal or interval ratio variables (levels of measuring) The mathematical quality of the scores of a variable is measured on three different levels, called levels of measurment. Nominal: scores are labels only, not numbers (sex, religious affiliation, Ordinal: scores have some numerical quality and can be ranked (social. Ch. 2 basic descriptive statistics: percentage and proportion, ratio and rates, frequency distribution, charts + graphs.
