PS102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: New Letters, Autonomic Nervous System, Antibody
Document Summary
Motivation: an internal state or condition that directs behaviour; goal-directed. Instinct theory: people are motivated by their biological (innate) instincts. Instincts: inborn behavioural tendencies, activated by stimuli in our environments: e. g. , newborn reflexes, maternal protection, need to belong. Drive reduction theory: when external factors alter our body"s normal state of equilibrium, we are motivated to behave in ways that restore the balance (homeostasis) Arousal theory: we are motivated to pursue an optimum level of stimulation (arousal: some motivated behaviours increase arousal, some motivated behaviours decrease arousal. Yerkes-dodson law: law stating that ideal performance on a task occurs when the arousal level is optimized to the difficulty level of the task. An incentive is an external goal that has the capacity to motivate behaviour. Extrinsic motivation: the pursuit of an activity for external rewards such as money or fame. Intrinsic motivation: the pursuit of activity for its own sake.
