PS102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Refugees Of The Syrian Civil War, Fundamental Attribution Error, Social Cognition
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Attitudes
● Beliefs/cognition BUT no emotion (eg triangles)
● Beliefs/cognition + emotion (eg syrian refugee crisis)
● Attitudes = social views/beliefs/cognition + emotion + behaviour
○ Can be positive or negative
● Overall, attitudes - stable, resilient
○ Implicit and explicit
● Can be changed
Changing Attitudes
● Persuasion
○ Persuasive communication
○ Obvious, goal is to change attitudes
● When are persuasive communications effective?
● Effective persuasive communications
○ Must look at source of message
■ Credibility → expert
■ Trustworthiness → who has something to gain
○ And content of message
■ Central route to persuasion → reasoned thought
■ Heuristic → repeat the message
Attributions
● Explanations about what causes our own and other people’s behaviour and outcomes
● Answers questions like: why did she do that? That happens because…?
● Dispositional (internal) attributions
○ People’s behaviour is caused by their personal characteristics
● Situational (external) attributions
○ Aspects of situation cause behaviour
● Fundamental attribution error
○ When explaining others’ behaviour tend to:
■ Overestimate role of personal factors (dispositional attributes)
● Actor-observer vias
○ We are actors-engaged in the action
○ We observe others
○ Situational explanations for self
○ Dispositional for others
■ Others = clumsy
■ We = slippery floor
○ Why situational for ourselves?
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Document Summary
Beliefs/cognition + emotion (eg syrian refugee crisis) Attitudes = social views/beliefs/cognition + emotion + behaviour. Trustworthiness who has something to gain. Central route to persuasion reasoned thought. Explanations about what causes our own and other people"s behaviour and outcomes. People"s behaviour is caused by their personal characteristics. Overestimate role of personal factors (dispositional attributes) Cognitive explanation: have more information about ourselves. Perceptual explanation: others are figure", we are background" - situation stands out. With time to reflect - error is reduced. Depressed people = more personal attributions for failures. See ourselves as better than the average. Foot in the door (small request, then big one) Door in the face (big request followed by a small one) Increases in intimacy and frequency with deeper relationships. The dark side - babylonian hammurabi"s code (if you hurt me i will hurt you) 1964, morning, queens ny, stabbed to death, over 30 minutes, screaming, resisted. Social influence - presence of others impacts on us.
