PS102 Lecture 11: PS102 LECTURE 11
Document Summary
Cross-sectional pros and cons: data from many age groups, but, different cohorts grew up in different time periods, different experiences, cultural changes, environmental changes, e. g. Sequential (cross-sequential: pros and cons of both the longitudinal and cross-sectional (always choose the fewest disadvantages, very costly. Genotype and phenotype: genotype- the sum of all genes that a person inherits, phenotype- the way in which the genes are expressed, or observed characteristics of the genes. Prenatal development three stages: germinal stage (first 2 weeks, zygote attaches to uterine wall, embryonic stage (2nd-8th week, placenta and umbilical cord develop) o fetal stage (begins at 9th week, 7 months=age viability) Prenatal development highlights: sex determination, 23rd chromosome= x or y, females= xx, males =xy, y chromosome contains tdf, initiates development of testes, testes secrete androgens, critical period= 6-8 weeks, insufficient androgen activity= female. Negative impacts prenatal: environmental influences, teratogens. Environmental agents that may cause abnormal fetal development.
