PS102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Star Chart, Slot Machine, Military Animal
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PS102 Lecture 3
Jan. 12 2016
Operant continued
Reinforcers increase the likelihood of a behaviour
Punishers suppress behaviour
You can have both positive or negative reinforcers and punishers
Reinforcement Punishment
Positive Increase
behaviour
Add to
environment
Candy (primary
reinforcer),
smile
(secondary
reinforcer), A+
Decrease
behaviour
Add to
environment
Slap, shout
Generally
suppresses
behaviour while
the person
giving the
punishment is
present
Negative Increase
behaviour
Remove from
environment
Buzzer, pain
Ex: annoying
sound when
your seatbelt
isn’t on (want to
do behaviour to
remove the
sound)
Decrease
behaviour
Remove from
environment
Time out, no TV,
no technology
Corporal punishment
oNot very e7ective
oSide e7ects: suppresses while the punisher is there, but
doesn’t actually change behaviour
oPowerful emotional overtones
oTime outs, positive reinforcers, and explanations are much
better at altering behaviour
Developmental Implications
oIndividual has to be able to naturally produce a behaviour
OR