PS102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Orbitofrontal Cortex, Nucleus Accumbens, Belief Perseverance
Document Summary
Problem solving: accomplishing our goals: organized, goal directed, goal determines where you start. E. g. where you need to go is the higher cognitive level process, while driving is the subroutine. Step-by-step scripts for selecting information: developed with experiences, experts = create many schemas for problem solving, help to solve specialized classes of problems, novices rely on general problem-solving methods, use working memory versus long-term. Obstacles to problem solving: mental set, being boxed in" by our experiences, stay with one approach to the problem, functional fixedness, being fixated" on one conventional use for an object, blind to new ways to use object. Incubation: creative solution suddenly pop into the mind after problem solver has given up, different perspectives may have emerged, sets and biases dissolve. Decision making style: maximizers vs. satisficers: maximizers, exhaustively seek the best, compare decisions with others, expend more time and energy, unhappier with outcomes.
