PS101 Lecture Notes - Statistical Inference, Sampling Bias, Statistical Hypothesis Testing
Document Summary
Hypothesis (pet owners (pet owners experience experience less stress less stress. Independent variable (what the experimenter (what the experimenter varies/manipulates varies/manipulates. Dependent variable (what is measured (what is measured as a function as a function of the iv) of the iv) Condition (the presence (the presence of the iv) of the iv) Control condition (absence of the iv) (absence of the iv) 2 via random assignment: participants have equal chance of being assigned to either experimental or control condition. Types of experiments: within subjects design, factorial design, interaction (when the effect of one variable depends on the effect of the other) Advantages/disadvantages of experiments: cause/effect, decreased external validity, inappropriate for certain variables. Types: naturalistic observation (observing behaviour without intervening) 7: case study (in-depth investigation of an individual subject, surveys (gathering information about specific aspects of people"s behavior) Advantages/disadvantages: lack of causality, due to confounding, self-report data. Visually: histogram (bar graph, frequency polygon (line graph)
