PS365 Lecture 9: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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11 Mar 2017
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Prevalence: 10-15% of school-age children have a neurodevelopmental disorder. Language related disorders: reading disabilities most prevalent = dyslexia 5-10% of the population, slightly more common in boys as compared to girls. Reading involves many aspects: what skills are required for reading, letter identification, phonological skills, grapheme skills (simplest graphic piece of language, i. e. a letter, sequencing skills, short-term memory. Lexicon: memory store of words, meanings, ways of combining them. Individuals with reading disabilities need a longer interval between tones to discriminate between them: controls can discriminate tones separated by intervals as brief as 10ms. Language-impaired people require much longer intervals between tones: remediation: focus on training in sound discrimination. Performance comparison: dyslexics perform at the same level as children at determining left-right discrimination of objects (e. g. body parts (cid:862)is this a left or right ha(cid:374)d? (cid:863)) Fetal alcohol spectrum syndrome: facial hallmarks, especially on the left(?, discriminating features, short palpebral fissures, short nose, flat midface, thin upper lip.

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