PS366 Lecture Notes - Preposition And Postposition, Morpheme, Centrality
Document Summary
Fundamentals of psycholinguistics: four pervasive properties. Linguistic productivity: fundamental components of language system. At one level there is a large number of meaningful elements. At another level there is a small number of meaningless elements that form words. Small number of basic/meaningless sounds: phonemes. Large number of meaningful sounds: words, phonology. Phones: speech sounds that are physically specifiable. Phonemes: smallest differences in sound influencing meaning. Allophones: different phones that are understood as the same phoneme in a language. Auditory/perceptual ( how sounds are perceived ) Acoustic (sound waveform and physical properties ) Phonology: the sound system of language, rules of how phonemes may be arranged in a word: distinctive feature theory. Distinct if presence or absence distinguished speech sound from other sound. Voicing: whether or not vocal cords are vibrating when air passes. When errors are made, incorrectly hear a sound that is similar to target sound: morphology. Morphology: study of the structure of words.
