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ADMS 2610 Lecture : Forms of Business Organization - Chapter 16 - Law of Sole Proprietorship and Partnership

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School
York University
Department
Administrative Studies
Course
ADMS 2610
Professor
Sam Ling

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Document Summary

Chapter 16 law of sole proprietorship and partnership. Partnerships sole proprietorship liability: historical development, nature, rights and duties, dissolution limited partnership limited liability partnership. A business where the sole owner is responsible for the management and the debts of the business: simplest form of business, unlimited personal liability, limited ability to raise capital, may require registration or license. Partnership: a legal relationship between two or more parties for the purpose of carrying on a business with a view to a profit. does not include organizations not in business for profit charities, Historical development social clubs, and sports groups: originally common law, today mix of common law and statute, most recent development is the limited liability partnership or llp. Part ownership or co-ownership not necessarily a partnership. partner agent of other partners and the partnership. partners share in partnership property is always personality (personal not real property).

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Related Questions

Indicate whether the following statement best describes a corporation, a sole proprietorship, or a partnership.

a. Liability is limited to the amount invested.

b. Unlimited personal liability.

c. Unlimited liability for oneself and one's partner's actions.

d. Ability to share work and risks of ownership without issuing shares.

e. Direct control by the owner.

f. Most difficult to organize.

g. Greater ability to secure funds from outside investors.

h. Accounts for largest sales receipts in the United States.

i. The most common form of business.

NEED 10 PAPER

You are the manager of Acme Fireworks. The company started in the owner�s garage two years ago and now has 15 employees that you manage. The company started as a sole proprietor, and the owner has never changed the entity. The company makes and sells fireworks. The owner has informed you that the company has received inquiries from several large retailers about the company�s ability to fill large orders on a regular basis. The owner told the retailers that the company could fill such orders, and a price per unit was agreed upon. No other details were discussed. The owner is anticipating that new employees will need to be hired but is worried that if the large orders do not continue, the company will not have the funds to pay the new employees. The owner is now considering changing the business entity but does not know what entity to form or how to form it.

The owner has asked you to do the following:

  • Explain potential personal liability for injuries to consumers caused by the product.
  • Analyze whether the owner formed a contract with the retailers applying the five elements as discussed from Week Two to the hypothetical facts.
  • Analyze how different employment types could be used with application of hypothetical facts.
  • Recommend a new business entity. Provide a rationale to support your recommendation

For each task, be sure to analyze the relevant law, apply the facts to the law, and make a conclusion. OUTLINE BELOW

  1. Introduction
  1. Provide a brief overview of the content contained within the proposal.
  2. Thesis: Transition from the current sole proprietorship to a Limited Liability Company (LLC) is the most seamless and logical progression based on the projected business model.
  1. Assessed Product Risk and Personal Liability
  1. Discuss the inherent risks associated with firework manufacturing and shipping.
  2. Note the variations/correlations in personal and business liabilities due to perceived negligence resulting in consumer/employee injury.
  3. Potential liabilities resulting from defective merchandise.
  4. Contract Viability
  5. Review the five elements of a contract from the information provided.
    1. Offer
    2. Acceptance
    3. Consideration
    4. Legality
    5. Capacity
  6. Provide recommendation of contract viability/probability
  1. Recruiting and Compensation
  1. Employment Types
    1. Full-time
    2. Part-time
    3. Casual
    4. Daily/weekly hire
    5. Probationary
  2. Determine the best option to increase productivity while minimizing prolonged or unexpected expenses
  3. Business Entity
  4. Discuss the different business entities available
    1. Sole Proprietor
    2. Partnership
    3. Corporation
    4. Limited Liability Company
  5. Compare and contrast benefits of an LLC v. other archetypes
  6. Conclusion
  7. Review all previously discussed information and develop a coherent vision
  8. Discuss aforementioned vision as it relates to thesis statement
  9. CHAPTER 5: Understanding and Choosing a Legal Structure. (2012). Women's Small Business Start-Up Kit (9781413317220), 149-186.

  10. Pakroo, P. H. (2014). CHAPTER 1: Choosing a Legal Structure. Small Business Start-Up Kit, 7-28.

Title: Business Structure, Liability, and Partnership Agreement

Develop a hypothetical business you would consider starting with a friend or relative.

Imagine that the friend or relative has sufficient funds to start the business and that you will be doing most of the work (for example, if you were starting a mobile car wash business, you would be procuring the customers and washing the cars).

Imagine also that you will be performing all the bookkeeping functions for the business.

In a written report, prepare the following:

A report to your partner, containing a detailed description of the differences regarding liability with respect to a sole proprietorship, a general partnership, a limited partnership, and a corporation.

A completed partnership agreement, including the following elements ready for signatures using the partnership agreement included.

Example of Partnership Agreement

Detailed description of the business

Names of the partners

Address of the partnership and the partners

Roles of each of the partners as limited partners, being as complete and detailed as possible (you can also be as imaginative as you need to be with titles and responsibilities )

List of assets provided by each partner

Division of income

Division of partnership liabilities (debts)

Method by which the partnership may be dissolved, including what happens in the event of filing for bankruptcy

(NAME), and (NAME), the below signed hereby enter into this Partnership Agreement on behalf of themselves, their heirs, successors and assigns, and set forth following terms and conditions as constituting the Partnership Agreement in its entirety:

1. The partnership shall go by the following name: (NAME).
2. The partnership's principle place of business shall be (DESCRIBE).

3. The first day that the partnership shall begin business is: (DATE) and it will continue until the partners agree to terminate it or until forced to cease its operations by law.

4. The partnership's operations shall be primarily in the following field or area: (DESCRIBE)

5. The partnership shall be capitalized as follows: For each $ (AMOUNT) (dollars) each partner shall receive (#) shares with contribution being made as follows:

Partner A contributes $(AMOUNT) and shall receive (#) shares, the same being (#) % of the total shares available. Partner B contributes $(AMOUNT) and shall receive (#) shares, the same being (#) % of the total shares available. 6. Losses and gains on contributed capital and other property shall be assigned as follows: (DESCRIBE)

The IRS's general allocation rule shall apply, and gains and losses shall be allocated according to the % of total capital contributed by each partner as set out in paragraph 5 above.

7. Profits and losses shall be allocated according to the same percentage allocation set forth in paragraph #6 above. 8. Salary, if any, for the services rendered shall be determined by unanimous approval of the partners.

2

Project Partnership Agreement

PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT

10. Each partner shall maintain both an individual drawing account and an individual capital account. Into the capital account shall be placed that partner's initial capitalization and any increases thereto. The drawing accounts shall be used for withdrawal of amounts, the size of which is limited to $(AMOUNT) on any one day.

11. Adequate accounting records shall be made and maintained. Any partner or his/her agent may review any and all accounting or other records at anytime.

12. The partners designate the following as the Partnership's business and checking accounts into which all the funds of the Partnership shall be placed and maintained: (DESCRIBE)

13. Accounting records and books shall be kept on a (select one) 1. cash basis 2. accrual basis and the fiscal year shall begin on the (#) day of (MONTH) and shall end (#) day of (MONTH).

14. At the close of the fiscal year, there shall be an annual audit conducted by the following accounting firm: (DESCRIBE)

15. The partnership shall dissolve upon the retirement, death, or incapacity of any partner unless the remaining partner elects the option of buying out that partner's share. (DESCRIBE THE DETAILS)

16. Upon termination or dissolution of the Partnership, the Partnership will be promptly liquidated, with all debts being paid first, prior to any distribution of the remaining funds. Distribution shall be made according to the percentage of ownership as set out in paragraph #5 above.

17. Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or the breach thereof, shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association, and judgment upon the award rendered by the arbitrator(s) may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

3

Project Partnership Agreement

9. Control and management of the partnership shall be split equally amongst the partners.

So agreed, this (#) day of (MONTH), 20 .

________________________ (NAME) ________________________ (NAME)

Review - make sure the following items are included in this agreement!

Detailed description of the business

Names of the partners

Address of the partnership and the partners

Roles of each of the partners—be as complete and detailed as possible

List of assets provided by each partner

Division of income

Division of partnership liabilities (debts)

Method by which the partnership may be dissolved