BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Nuclear Pore, Nuclear Membrane, Lipid Bilayer
Document Summary
Transformation, transduction, conjugation, horizontal gene transfer, vertical gene transfer. -as cell diameter increases, volume increases more than surface area. -maximize sa by having many smaller cells (multicellular) instead of few big cells. Higher sa and low v ratio facilitates transport of material across cell. Use ether linkage instead of ester linkage. -like bacteria: circular dna in single chromosome, in nucleoid. Why are most cells so small? membrane; sa must be able to sustain volume. -large area of internal membranes facilitating mvmt of proteins and lipids. -neurons are up to 1 meter in length. Folds and microvilli can increase sa while minimizing v. Sa is high and cytoplasm is close to membrane to optimize transport. Double membrane (phospholipid bilayer) connected to er. Dna plus associated proteins (histone and non-histone proteins) Euchromatin: loosely packed regions, genes active and transcription occurring. -physically separates our hereditary material from rest of the cell.
