BIOL 2021 Lecture 1: Chapter 10

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goldfly261

6 Aug 2016

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Cell membranes are crucial to the life of the cell. Form the boundary of the cell or organelles. Help to establish ion gradients between intracellular and extracellular space. Provide support for proteins to embed or anchor in the membrane. Cell membranes are formed by two layers (bilayer) of lipids. The lipid bilayer serves as a relatively impermeable barrier to the most water-soluble molecules. Major lipids in cell membrane are phosphoglycerides, sphingolipids and sterols. Phospholipids are amphiphilic molecules (hydrophilic component or the head facing the water-filled surface and hydrophobic component or the tail made of fatty acids facing the inner part of the membrane). Two long-chain fatty acids linked through an ester bond to glycerol. 3rd carbon in glycerol is linked to phosphate. Sphingolipids built from sphingosine (1 amino group and 2 hydroxyl groups) instead of glycerol one long-chain fatty acid attached to the amino group.

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