GEOG 1410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Demographic Transition, Malthusianism, Big Business
Document Summary
Explaining global inequalities (uneven development at the international scale) . Most of the income inequality in the world is between countries rather than within them. Big business of richest countries vs workers and small-scale producers in poorer countries. Yet, within-country inequality is substantial (eg. brazil, usa) Theories of internal causes: what is happening within the country (why inequalities: geographical theories. Adverse climate condition and lack of resources: demographic theory, high population growth, malthusianism idea, demographic transition: Stage 1: high birth rate and death rate: preindustrial society. Stage 2: death rate falls, birth rat high. Stage 3: rapid population increase giving wat to lower birth rates in developed industrial society. Stage 4: low birth rate and death rate: slow population growth: youthful age structure, resources to be spent on current consumption and not productive reinvestment. Ecological factors: cannot cause underdevelopment, may only exacerbate problems overpopulation or high population growth rate cannot be the fundamental cause of poverty.
