HREQ 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Parenting Styles, Potestas, Collegehumor

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bluesea-lion249

23 Apr 2017

School

York University

Department

Human Rights and Equity Studies

Course

HREQ 2010

Professor

Paul Brienza

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Document Summary

According to some parliamentary studies conducted in the past 5 years, they claim that 1 in 5. Canadian children live in poverty, thus they are not reaping the full benefits of a canadian lifestyle. Some of these benefits include their access or right to education. They were not accorded some special status, tutelage, or care over them. Dominant form of seeing children: traditionally, children have been seen as the property of their parents: mainstream opinion of most people, if not all people in society. Under many ancient legal codes, like roman law, fathers had the right of life and death over his offspring. In that tradition, it argues that, fathers have power over children and women. As in the case of other forms of property, the owner can do as he wishes with their property, and while it may not have happened often in practice, this was a choice of life or death.

Related Questions

1. All the following statements concerning the use of an insured corporate cross-purchase buy-sell agreement are correct EXCEPT:

A. The value of any life insurance policies the deceased owned on the lives of the other stockholders will be included in his or her gross estate.

B. The buy-out will not involve dividend distributions to the deceasedâs estate or his or her family.

C. It is preferred over the redemption-type agreement when the stockholders are all in a higher tax bracket than the corporation.

D. The surviving stockholders get an increase in their basis for income tax purposes.

E. It produces greater equity of results than a redemption-type agreement when there is a significant difference in the ages of the stockholders and in their percentages of stock ownership.

2. All the following provisions are usually included in an insured stock cross-purchase buy-sell agreement EXCEPT:

A. A provision giving each surviving stockholder an option to buy a proportionate part of a deceasedâs stock.

B. A provision establishing the purchase price to be paid for the stock of a deceased stockholder.

C. A provision committing each stockholder to buy and maintain life insurance on the other stockholders.

D. A provision permitting each surviving stockholder to buy from the estate of a deceased stockholder the life insurance the deceasedâs estate owns on the life of each surviving stockholder.

3. All the following statements concerning the tax implications of a gift made to a person who dies within one year of receipt of the gift are correct EXCEPT:

A. If the property is willed back to the original donor, such property is denied the usual stepped-up basis for valuing property transferred to a designated heir.

B. The beneficiary of the deceasedâs will can be in receipt of capital gains, even if he or she sells the property on the date of the testatorâs death.

C. If the decedent wills the property to someone other than the original owner or his or her spouse, the transferee can have the benefit of the stepped-up basis.

D. If the original donor is the spouse of the decedent-donee, a testamentary disposition to the decedentâs children will prevent realization of the benefits of the stepped-up basis.

4. D and E, a married couple, make a gift of their vacation home to their children but reserve the right to use the property during their lifetimes. Under these circumstances, which of the following statements are correct?

I. The property will be included in the donorâs gross estate at their deaths.

II. The gift tax annual exclusion is not available to D and E.

III. The unified tax credit is available to D and E.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

5. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the rights conveyed to a minor under the terms of a trust that give the minor a so-called âCrummyâ power?

A. The right to withdraw the corpus at any time during minority.

B. The right to accumulate trust income to age 21 and the right to receive these funds as a distribution of corpus.

C. The right to withdraw limited amounts of the trust corpus for a limited time after a contribution is made to the trust.

D. The right to withdraw the trustâs income for the calendar year without a guardianâs approval.

limegiraffe851

Argue either in favor or against the estate tax. Then, respond to at least two other students' posts in the following manner:

Support one studentâs argument with additional information or examples.

Counter one studentâs argument with information and/or examples.

Student 1 answer : Samantha

Samantha Caterina 5 posts

Re:Module 7 DQ 2

The estate tax is very tricky, it can be argued both ways, for and against. For arguments sake I would be in favor of the estate tax. Currently for 2017 the federal estate tax threshold is 5.49 million. This is only targeting the wealthiest of people. The estate tax will tax any amount of an estate above this. It makes up for a small portion of the total tax collected by the federal government but it is still a substantial amount. The estate tax can be different in each state therefore being taxed more if the threshold is smaller. It is argued that the successful decedent should not be penalized for being successful I would not agree this is true. They are no longer the owner of the estate and the money would just be passed to a beneficiary. The beneficiary then has the rights to do what they please with the money. This can cause the beneficiaries to become non-productive members of society. If the estate tax was taken out tax would have to be made up somewhere, therefore cause middle class taxpayers to pay more taxes. The estate tax does not target the average person only the wealthiest are affected by it. I do not think the estate tax needs to be taken out of order.

https://www.forbes.com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2014/10/06/guest-post-pros-and-cons-of-the-federal-estate-tax/#6e3c8eb975a6

Student answer Andrea:

Andrea Robinson-Parker 4 posts

Re:Module 7 DQ 2

The estate tax was once known as the death tax, there is a pun in there somewhere. Firstly, it is associated with the inheritance of a dead relative and secondly, it can be the death of small family businesses. I believe that this tax is essential for our country to survive. Bob Rywick, in his article, Pros and Cons of the Federal Estate Tax argues both sides of the coin. I agree with his pro stance and here is why:

Revenue from the estate tax will create around $200 billion revenue in the next several years. There has been a great increase in wealth in the recent past and this number may climb.

The estate tax will help to dilute the concentration of wealth. This concentration can be damaging to our free democratic society.

Many wealthy people donate large sums to charities each year to lower their tax bracket. If there was no estate tax, these donations would most likely drop off significantly.

Small business, (making less than $5,000,000) will not be affected. There are also rules set in place to protect farms regarding the valuation of farm land.

Less than 2/10 of 1% of the descendants dying each year will be affected by this tax, based on the current exemption amount.

Lastly, I personally believe that estate planning can alleviate some of these taxes. Estate taxes should not be confused with gift taxes. This is an option that can protect inheritances.

Student Answer

Lakisha Minniefield 3 posts

Re:Module 7 DQ 2

I am against âestate taxâ and feel that when the property value goes up, it will increase my mortgage payment each year. I agree with Justin Haskins article regarding scrapping property taxes because as a property owner, charging fees for a specific service should be allowable. Also, property owners should be able to choose where the property taxes should be allocated especially when it comes down to our public education. I have two children who are autistic and in the past it was very difficult to find a school who had the staff to supply all of their educational special needs. Even though we live in the best neighbors that were very costly, the schools zone in the area had 2 out of 10 rating so I would have to transfer my children our of the district in order to get better services. Currently, my husband is getting ready for retirement out of the military and we have looked at all 50 states within the United States to see which state would give us the most exemptions when purchasing a home. The state we chose to move back to is Texas because of the no state property taxes. Property tax for the state of Texas brings in the most money of all taxes available to local government to pay for schools, roads, police and firemen, emergency response services, libraries, parks and other services provided by local government. The state also has a variety of partial or total (absolute) exemptions from appraised property values used to determine local property taxes. A partial exemption removes a percentage or a fixed dollar amount of a property's value from taxation. A total (absolute) exemption excludes the entire property from taxation. Since we will be on a fixed income, Texas property tax exemptions for disabled veterans was the best out of all 50 states. However, we will still have to look for a county with low property tax rate. Since I am already a disabled veteran, Texas has a property tax exempt chart for qualifying disabled veterans.

The exemption amount that a qualified disabled veteran receives depends on the veteran's disability rating from the branch of the armed service.

Disability Exemption
Disability Rating	Exemption Amount Up To
10% to 29%	$5,000 from the property's value
30% to 49%	$7,500 from the property's value
50% to 69%	$10,000 from the property's value
70% to 100%	$12,000 from the property's value

*The Texas Comptroller website lists all of the benefits for disabled veterans regarding property tax exemptions.

Even as a disabled veteran, I would still have to pay property tax but the exemption will only exempt the amount of the disability rating off the value of property. Disabled veterans who are 100% total and permanently disable will be exempt from paying all property taxes. Financially, my family will still have to find a home affordable in a safe neighborhood, public education is rated above 7 out of 10 and choose a county that property taxes are low.

Reference:

https://www.comptroller.texas.gov/taxes

Background

You are an investment advisor and your clients, Marilyn and David, require your services. Marilyn and David are both 65 and are about to retire. They have no assets other than $1,600,000 in cash savings, and they have no debts. They wish to maintain their current lifestyle during their retirement years. Their current annual living expenses are $120,000. They have no children and they do not wish to bequeath any assets to charity (after their death). Marilyn and David are in excellent health and have a normal life expectancy. They are, however, concerned about the possibility of outliving their retirement income (i.e., longevity risk). They will rely entirely on their cash savings to support themselves financially during their retirement years. Furthermore, they have a strong aversion to risk.

Marilyn and David have decided to use their cash savings to purchase an annuity that will provide them with the necessary income to cover their living expenses over their retirement years. They initially consult with Ms. Sheila Young who is an investment advisor at Merrill Lynch about purchasing their desired annuity. Ms. Young is a very experienced advisor and she claims that she could get Marilyn and David a much higher annual income than they require because she âknowsâ how to invest their savings in financial instruments that can yield at least 15% per year. This rate of return is well above the current and historical average return for U.S. stocks as measured by the S&P 500 index.

Marilyn and David want you to provide a âsecond opinionâ of the analysis done by the Merrill Lynch advisor. Specifically, they want you to write a memo to Ms. Young that compares the two alternatives and highlights the risks and benefits of each alternative. They feel certain that Ms. Young is not giving due consideration to assumptions and variables that will impact their decision (e.g., market risk, the clientsâ risk tolerance, life expectancy, among others), but they donât know how to articulate their concerns to her. Therefore, since you speak âfinanceâ they would like you to prepare this memo on their behalf.

Assignment

Write a memo to Ms. Sheila Young containing the following information:

Provide a professional and financially sound critique where you identify the problem(s), if any, with her investment analysis.

Conduct your own comprehensive investment analysis where you address any problem(s) identified using the appropriate methods (e.g., formulas, models, etc.) and assumptions; and provide the appropriate insight from your analysis.

Recommend one or more specific, clearly explained actions that address the problem(s) identified based on your investment analysis; and support your recommendations using your analytical results.

Grading and Instructions

The grade on this assignment will be equally divided (50/50) between the analytical quality of your argument (reasoning ability) and clarity of thought, correct use of grammar, punctuation, etc. (writing skills). Please note, simply providing ânumbersâ is insufficient to obtain a passing grade. Please provide your analysis in a clear and analytically sound memo that supports your final recommendations/conclusions. All supporting tables and graphs must be clearly presented and labeled.

HREQ 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Parenting Styles, Potestas, Collegehumor

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