MGMT 1050 Lecture 18: MGMT 1050 Tutorial 18 Notes
MGMT 1050 Tutorial 18 Notes – Multiple Data Instructions
Introduction
• If a register is provided for the stack pointer, register-deferred addressing can be used
for this purpose.
• You should note that memory is drawn upside-down so that incrementing the stack
pointer moves it upward.
• Many instruction sets provide PUSH and POP instructions as direct support for stacks.
• Stacks can be implemented easily without special instructions.
• Some computers also specify the use of a particular general-purpose register as a stack
pointer register.
• Multimedia applications rank high in computational demands on the CPU in modern PCs
and workstations.
• In response to the demand, CPU designers have created specialized instructions that
speed up and simplify multimedia processing operations.
• Multimedia operations are commonly characterized by a number of simple operations
applied identically to every piece of data in the set.
• As a simple example, the brightness of an image might be modified by multiplying the
value of every pixel in the image by a common scale factor.
• Or, a measure of similarity between two images could be established by subtracting all
the pixel values in one image from the corresponding pixel values in a second image and
averaging the results.
• Multiple data instructions perform a single operation on multiple pieces of data
simultaneously. For this reason they are also known as SIMD instructions.
• SIMD stands for Single Instruction, Multiple Data.
• The SIMD instructions provided on Intel Pentium processors are typical.
• The processor provides eight 128-bit registers specifically for SIMD instruction use.
• Also allows the use of the standard 64-bit floating point registers for this purpose.
• Memory is drawn upside-down so that incrementing the stack pointer moves it upward.
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