MODR 1760 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Presupposition, Begging, Perjury
Document Summary
Whether or not premises and conclusions correspond to fact. Relationship of the premises to the conclusion. When premises are true and conclusion validly derived from them. Conclusion is the logical consequence of the premise: all men are mortal, socrates is a man, therefore, socrates is mortal. True premises but invalid connection to conclusion: just because a is b and c is b , does not make a b . Valid reasoning but untrue premise: all dogs are ferocious, tom has a dog, shaggy, therefore, shaggy is ferocious. Untrue premise and invalid reasoning: i like this course, all final exams are easy, therefore, i will receive a high grade in this course. Not interested in: clarity, elegance, persuasiveness, or economy of style. We do not need to know if conclusion is true. Persuade us by manipulating our emotions/desires: emotions usually irrelevant to issue. Appeal to flattery: ad hominem ( to the man ) The person, mostly their character, is attacked.